Mennonite Housebarns (1875-1920)

History

During the 1870s almost 8.000 German-speaking Mennonites (religious refugees from Czarist Russia) settled on two large land reserves in southern Manitoba. The new settlers recreated traditional farm-village communities in the new land and built traditional housebarns. A housebarn combined, in one long unit, family living quarters and an attached barn. By 1900 there were over 100 farm villages on the two reserves. Each village was laid out along a street usually a kilometre in length. The housebarns might be situated on one or both sides of the street, with a school and church located towards the village centre. 

Characteristics

  • early housebarns are small, of rough log Construction, and are covered with a thatched roof
  • later examples more closely follow tradition; these feature large timber-framed barns and Commodious houses attached in a long linear unit
  • the house portion usually has a steeply-pitched roof, broad rectangular plan, shuttered windows and Dutch doors (a divided door in which the upper and lower halves move independently of each other)
  • the barn portion is usually slightly wider and higher than houses; it often has shed-roofed sections on one or both sides
  • barns feature either a row of small square Windows or ribbon windows
  • main barn doors are often distinguished by geometric designs created by the door construction
  • examples from the early 1900s often have T-shaped plans; North American influences, like light wood frame construction and roof dormers, became more common